| 1 |
University of St Andrews image |
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Still Image |
Thursday 18th of November 2021 01:48:49 PM |
Thursday 18th of November 2021 01:55:50 PM |
| 2 |
University of St Andrews |
OpenVirtualWorlds is an interdisciplinary group of researchers with expertise in computing, digital design, history and museology; and with 10 years experience in 3D and immersive technologies, focusing on system engineering and the relationship between quality of service and experience. Scientific results are addressing the use of Virtual Worlds, Cross and Parallel reality systems in mobile and immersive contexts. We have spun out SMART History, to create a Virtual Time binocular platform. |
Museum |
Thursday 18th of November 2021 01:49:56 PM |
Thursday 18th of November 2021 01:55:35 PM |
| 4 |
Highlanders Museum Logo |
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Still Image |
Thursday 18th of November 2021 01:53:42 PM |
Thursday 18th of November 2021 01:53:42 PM |
| 5 |
Ammunition Pouch |
Ammunition Pouch x 3. German equipment |
3D Object |
Thursday 18th of November 2021 02:01:52 PM |
Thursday 18th of November 2021 02:57:20 PM |
| 6 |
Ammunition Pouch |
Ammunition Pouch x 3. German equipment |
Physical Object |
Thursday 18th of November 2021 02:57:01 PM |
Thursday 18th of November 2021 04:08:46 PM |
| 7 |
Highlanders Museum |
The Highlanders’ Museum (Queen’s Own Highlanders Collection) covers three floors of Fort George’s former Lieutenant Governors’ House. The museum has roughly 20,000 artefacts and an estimated 10,000 documents and photographs. The museum is the largest regimental museum in Scotland, outside of Edinburgh. Browse through the menus to feel the experience. Highlanders The Highlanders are the descendants of four famous Scottish Regiments originally raised from the Clans and communities of the Highlands and Islands in the late 1700’s. The Highlanders Battalion of the Royal Regiment of Scotland, (4 SCOTS), today incorporates the world-famous names of the Seaforth Highlanders, The Queen’s Own Cameron Highlanders and the Queen’s Own Highlanders (Seaforth and Camerons). The Museum represents all these famous Regiments except for The Gordon Highlanders who have their own museum in Aberdeen. The museum includes items from the Lovat Scouts and Liverpool Scottish as well as our Allied Regiments from Canada, Australia, New Zealand and the Gurkhas. |
Museum |
Thursday 18th of November 2021 03:11:01 PM |
Thursday 18th of November 2021 03:11:01 PM |
| 8 |
British Army Issued Officers Binoculars, WWI |
Kershaw & Son. Ltd. No. 3 Mark II British Army Military Officers Binoculars |
3D Object |
Thursday 18th of November 2021 03:36:19 PM |
Thursday 18th of November 2021 03:36:19 PM |
| 9 |
British Army Issued Officers Binoculars, WWI |
Kershaw & Son. Ltd. No. 3 Mark II British Army Military Officers Binoculars |
Physical Object |
Thursday 18th of November 2021 03:37:43 PM |
Thursday 18th of November 2021 04:08:59 PM |
| 10 |
Image of Silver Box |
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Still Image |
Thursday 18th of November 2021 03:42:16 PM |
Thursday 18th of November 2021 03:42:16 PM |
| 11 |
Cigarette box (Silver) |
A silver box with signatures on it. |
Physical Object |
Thursday 18th of November 2021 03:42:44 PM |
Thursday 18th of November 2021 04:09:14 PM |
| 13 |
Hitlers Desk Piece |
Piece of Adolf Hitler's desk. Removed from the Bunker beneath the Chancellery in Berlin by Lt Col Richard Broad MC, Seaforth Highlanders. The desk had been broken in pieces by Russian solders in May 1945. |
3D Object |
Thursday 18th of November 2021 04:11:47 PM |
Thursday 18th of November 2021 04:11:47 PM |
| 14 |
Biscuit Box |
Biscuit Box with biscuits sealed inside. Part of the Highlander’s Museum collection (Queen’s Own Highlanders Collection). |
3D Object |
Thursday 18th of November 2021 04:45:22 PM |
Thursday 18th of November 2021 04:45:22 PM |
| 15 |
Hitlers Desk Piece |
Piece of Adolf Hitler's desk. Removed from the Bunker beneath the Chancellery in Berlin by Lt Col Richard Broad MC, Seaforth Highlanders. The desk had been broken in pieces by Russian solders in May 1945. |
Physical Object |
Thursday 18th of November 2021 04:47:59 PM |
Monday 06th of June 2022 12:57:33 PM |
| 16 |
Biscuit Box |
Biscuit Box with biscuits sealed inside. Part of the Highlander’s Museum collection (Queen’s Own Highlanders Collection). |
Physical Object |
Thursday 18th of November 2021 04:55:01 PM |
Thursday 18th of November 2021 04:55:01 PM |
| 17 |
Steel Helmet |
Steel helmet worn by Captain Rev F J L MacLachlan MC, Chaplain to the 1st Bn Cameron Highlanders, during the crossing of the Irrawaddy River on 19/20 March 1945. This river crossing marked a major point in the re-conquest of Burma, following the victories at Kohima and Imphal. The 1st Camerons played a vital role in the inital assault, securing a bridgehead on the enemy-held bank. Captain MacLachlan’s helmet was struck by a Japanese machine gun bullt during the crossing but he was unhurt. Steel helmet, khaki in colour, with bullet hole. |
3D Object |
Friday 19th of November 2021 09:16:29 AM |
Friday 19th of November 2021 09:16:29 AM |
| 18 |
Steel Helmet |
Steel helmet worn by Captain Rev F J L MacLachlan MC, Chaplain to the 1st Bn Cameron Highlanders, during the crossing of the Irrawaddy River on 19/20 March 1945. This river crossing marked a major point in the re-conquest of Burma, following the victories at Kohima and Imphal. The 1st Camerons played a vital role in the inital assault, securing a bridgehead on the enemy-held bank. Captain MacLachlan’s helmet was struck by a Japanese machine gun bullt during the crossing but he was unhurt. Steel helmet, khaki in colour, with bullet hole. |
Physical Object |
Friday 19th of November 2021 09:16:53 AM |
Friday 19th of November 2021 09:16:53 AM |
| 19 |
Seaforth Highlander POW Side Drum |
Side Drum - made for use by the Pipe Band formed by Prisoners of War. It bears the badge of the Seaforth Highlanders. Part of the Highlander’s Mueum collection (Queen’s Own Highlanders Collection). |
3D Object |
Friday 19th of November 2021 09:24:52 AM |
Friday 19th of November 2021 09:24:52 AM |
| 20 |
Seaforth Highlander POW Side Drum |
Side Drum - made for use by the Pipe Band formed by Prisoners of War. It bears the badge of the Seaforth Highlanders. Part of the Highlander’s Mueum collection (Queen’s Own Highlanders Collection). |
Physical Object |
Friday 19th of November 2021 09:26:56 AM |
Friday 19th of November 2021 09:26:56 AM |
| 21 |
Wool Jersey |
Jersey made from scaps of wool by 2 Lt TD Scott, 4th Bn Seaforth Highlanders while a Prisoner of War. |
3D Object |
Friday 19th of November 2021 09:33:01 AM |
Friday 19th of November 2021 09:33:01 AM |
| 22 |
Wool Jersey |
Jersey made from scaps of wool by 2 Lt TD Scott, 4th Bn Seaforth Highlanders while a Prisoner of War. |
Physical Object |
Friday 19th of November 2021 10:28:49 AM |
Friday 19th of November 2021 10:28:49 AM |
| 23 |
Rifle - covered in marine silt |
Rifle heavily encrusted in marine silt. Photographed in situ in custom display box. |
3D Object |
Friday 19th of November 2021 03:32:44 PM |
Friday 19th of November 2021 03:32:44 PM |
| 24 |
Rifle - covered in marine silt |
Rifle heavily encrusted in marine silt. Photographed in situ in custom display box. |
Physical Object |
Friday 19th of November 2021 03:35:22 PM |
Friday 19th of November 2021 03:35:22 PM |
| 25 |
Highlanders Museum |
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Tour |
Friday 19th of November 2021 03:39:37 PM |
Friday 19th of November 2021 03:39:37 PM |
| 26 |
Hitler's Despatch Box |
Despatch box used by Adolf Hitler. Removed from the Bunker beneath the Chancellery in Berlin by Lieutenant Colonel I F Anderson OBE MC, Seaforth Highlanders in May 1945. Part of the Highlander’s Museum collection (Queen’s Own Highlanders Collection). |
3D Object |
Friday 19th of November 2021 03:45:31 PM |
Friday 19th of November 2021 03:45:31 PM |
| 27 |
Hitler's Despatch Box |
Despatch box used by Adolf Hitler. Removed from the Bunker beneath the Chancellery in Berlin by Lieutenant Colonel I F Anderson OBE MC, Seaforth Highlanders in May 1945. Part of the Highlander’s Museum collection (Queen’s Own Highlanders Collection). |
Physical Object |
Friday 19th of November 2021 03:48:43 PM |
Friday 19th of November 2021 03:48:43 PM |
| 28 |
German 'Schu' Mine |
German 'Schu' Mine used in the Italian campaign of 1944, captured by the 6th Bn Seaforth Highlanders. These small anti-personnel mines were particularly dangerous as their wooden casing made them impossible to detect using a magnetic min detector. The box contained a 200 g block of explosive, enough to cause a serious wound rather than to kill outright. Part of the Highlander’s Museum collection (Queen’s Own Highlanders Collection). |
3D Object |
Friday 19th of November 2021 03:56:34 PM |
Friday 19th of November 2021 04:39:26 PM |
| 29 |
German 'Schu' Mine |
German 'Schu' Mine used in the Italian campaign of 1944, captured by the 6th Bn Seaforth Highlanders. These small anti-personnel mines were particularly dangerous as their wooden casing made them impossible to detect using a magnetic min detector. The box contained a 200 g block of explosive, enough to cause a serious wound rather than to kill outright. Part of the Highlander’s Museum collection (Queen’s Own Highlanders Collection). |
Physical Object |
Friday 19th of November 2021 03:56:58 PM |
Friday 19th of November 2021 03:56:58 PM |
| 30 |
Hackle - Blue |
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Still Image |
Friday 19th of November 2021 04:06:59 PM |
Friday 19th of November 2021 04:06:59 PM |
| 31 |
Hackle - Blue |
One of the Original Royal blue hackles issued to the 1st Camerons in early 1940 on the orders of HM King George VI, Colonel in Chief of the Regiment, after he had inspected the battalion in the field in France on 5 December 1939 |
Physical Object |
Friday 19th of November 2021 04:07:17 PM |
Friday 19th of November 2021 04:07:17 PM |
| 32 |
Folding Knife |
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Still Image |
Friday 19th of November 2021 04:09:46 PM |
Friday 19th of November 2021 04:09:46 PM |
| 33 |
Pocket Knife |
Belonged to Captain WKR Murray of the 4th BN Cameron Highlanders, captured at St Valery |
Physical Object |
Friday 19th of November 2021 04:09:56 PM |
Friday 19th of November 2021 04:09:56 PM |
| 34 |
Revolver |
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Still Image |
Friday 19th of November 2021 04:11:31 PM |
Friday 19th of November 2021 04:11:31 PM |
| 35 |
Revolver |
Belongs to LT Col Miers |
Physical Object |
Friday 19th of November 2021 04:12:35 PM |
Friday 19th of November 2021 04:12:35 PM |
| 36 |
Cigarette Lighter |
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Still Image |
Friday 19th of November 2021 04:32:59 PM |
Friday 19th of November 2021 04:32:59 PM |
| 37 |
Image of Cigarette Lighter |
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Still Image |
Friday 19th of November 2021 04:33:49 PM |
Friday 19th of November 2021 04:33:49 PM |
| 38 |
Cigarette Lighter |
With bullet embedded in side. Cigrette lighter owned by Pte Tommy Fraser when serving with the 1st Camerons in France in 1940. |
Physical Object |
Friday 19th of November 2021 04:34:00 PM |
Friday 19th of November 2021 04:34:00 PM |
| 39 |
Image of Regimental cane |
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Still Image |
Friday 19th of November 2021 04:35:46 PM |
Friday 19th of November 2021 04:35:46 PM |
| 40 |
Regimental cane |
Regimental can carried by an officer of the Seaforth Highlanders, picked up on the battlefield of El Alamein, 1943. |
Physical Object |
Friday 19th of November 2021 04:36:02 PM |
Friday 19th of November 2021 04:36:02 PM |
| 41 |
Oflag IX A/Z Rotenburg Germany |
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Site |
Tuesday 23rd of November 2021 10:33:40 AM |
Tuesday 23rd of November 2021 10:36:24 AM |
| 42 |
Stalag XXI-D |
Stalag XXI-D was a German World War II prisoner-of-war camp based in Poznań in German-occupied Poland, operated in 1940–1945. |
Site |
Tuesday 23rd of November 2021 10:35:11 AM |
Tuesday 23rd of November 2021 02:17:22 PM |
| 43 |
Oflag V-B |
|
Site |
Tuesday 23rd of November 2021 10:43:32 AM |
Tuesday 23rd of November 2021 10:43:32 AM |
| 44 |
Oflag VI-B |
|
Site |
Tuesday 23rd of November 2021 10:44:10 AM |
Tuesday 23rd of November 2021 10:44:10 AM |
| 46 |
Oflag VII-C |
Oflag VII-C was a World War II German prisoner-of-war camp for officers located in Laufen Castle, in Laufen in south-eastern Bavaria from 1940 to 1942. |
Site |
Tuesday 23rd of November 2021 10:45:57 AM |
Tuesday 23rd of November 2021 02:21:29 PM |
| 47 |
Oflag V-B |
|
Site |
Tuesday 23rd of November 2021 10:47:14 AM |
Tuesday 23rd of November 2021 10:47:14 AM |
| 48 |
Oflag VI-B |
|
Site |
Tuesday 23rd of November 2021 10:47:54 AM |
Tuesday 23rd of November 2021 10:47:54 AM |
| 49 |
Stalag 383 |
Stalag 383 was a German World War II Prisoner of War camp located in Hohenfels, Bavaria. |
Site |
Tuesday 23rd of November 2021 10:50:04 AM |
Tuesday 23rd of November 2021 02:19:52 PM |
| 50 |
Stalag Luft III |
Stalag Luft III (German: Stammlager Luft III; literally "Main Camp, Air, III"; SL III) was a Luftwaffe-run prisoner-of-war (POW) camp during the Second World War, which held captured Western Allied air force personnel. |
Site |
Tuesday 23rd of November 2021 10:50:36 AM |
Tuesday 23rd of November 2021 02:19:01 PM |
| 51 |
Stalag Luft I |
Stalag Luft I was a German World War II prisoner-of-war (POW) camp near Barth, Western Pomerania, Germany, for captured Allied airmen. |
Site |
Tuesday 23rd of November 2021 10:51:31 AM |
Tuesday 23rd of November 2021 02:13:48 PM |
| 52 |
Stalag I-A |
Stalag I-A was a German prisoner-of-war camp during World War II, located in the village of Stabławki (then officially Stablack). It housed mainly Polish, Belgian, French and Russian prisoners of war, but also Britons and Italians. |
Site |
Tuesday 23rd of November 2021 10:52:54 AM |
Tuesday 23rd of November 2021 02:15:07 PM |
| 53 |
Stalag XX-B |
Located near Marienburg, it was originally a hutted and tented camp with a double boundary fence and watchtowers. British, Poles and Serbs were held here in 1940. |
Site |
Tuesday 23rd of November 2021 10:54:11 AM |
Tuesday 23rd of November 2021 02:16:04 PM |
| 54 |
Stalag XX-A |
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Site |
Tuesday 23rd of November 2021 10:56:09 AM |
Tuesday 23rd of November 2021 10:56:09 AM |
| 55 |
Stalag IX-C |
|
Site |
Tuesday 23rd of November 2021 10:57:23 AM |
Tuesday 23rd of November 2021 03:17:28 PM |
| 56 |
Fort VII |
|
Site |
Tuesday 23rd of November 2021 11:16:37 AM |
Tuesday 23rd of November 2021 11:16:37 AM |
| 57 |
Posen Fort VIII |
|
Site |
Tuesday 23rd of November 2021 11:17:05 AM |
Tuesday 23rd of November 2021 11:17:05 AM |
| 58 |
5-elbersdorf-paint-oflag-ix-a_h-lower-camp.jpg |
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Still Image |
Tuesday 23rd of November 2021 11:20:01 AM |
Tuesday 23rd of November 2021 11:20:01 AM |
| 59 |
Biberach_Austrailian_Group.jpg |
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Still Image |
Tuesday 23rd of November 2021 11:21:52 AM |
Tuesday 23rd of November 2021 11:21:52 AM |
| 60 |
Biberach Illustrations Outside and sunbathing |
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Still Image |
Tuesday 23rd of November 2021 11:22:54 AM |
Tuesday 23rd of November 2021 11:22:54 AM |
| 61 |
Illustration Biberach barrack room |
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Still Image |
Tuesday 23rd of November 2021 11:23:46 AM |
Tuesday 23rd of November 2021 11:23:46 AM |
| 62 |
Laufen 2 |
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Still Image |
Tuesday 23rd of November 2021 11:26:22 AM |
Tuesday 23rd of November 2021 11:26:22 AM |
| 63 |
Laufen Oflag |
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Still Image |
Tuesday 23rd of November 2021 11:27:10 AM |
Tuesday 23rd of November 2021 11:27:10 AM |
| 64 |
Officers outside building at Biberach |
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Still Image |
Tuesday 23rd of November 2021 11:28:12 AM |
Tuesday 23rd of November 2021 11:28:12 AM |
| 65 |
Posen Fort VIII |
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Still Image |
Tuesday 23rd of November 2021 11:29:16 AM |
Tuesday 23rd of November 2021 11:29:16 AM |
| 66 |
Major John David T. Hillman |
LT & QM J. HILLMAN
P.O.W. No 1165
HOME ADDRESS:-
71 ROSEHILL DRIVE
ABERDEEN
SCOTLAND. |
Organisation |
Tuesday 23rd of November 2021 11:29:26 AM |
Tuesday 23rd of November 2021 02:30:18 PM |
| 67 |
Rotenburg Parcel Hut Staff |
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Still Image |
Tuesday 23rd of November 2021 11:30:35 AM |
Tuesday 23rd of November 2021 11:30:35 AM |
| 68 |
Rotenburg Parcel Staff outside |
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Still Image |
Tuesday 23rd of November 2021 11:31:17 AM |
Tuesday 23rd of November 2021 11:31:17 AM |
| 69 |
Rotenburg Shackleton and Titch |
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Still Image |
Tuesday 23rd of November 2021 11:32:09 AM |
Tuesday 23rd of November 2021 11:32:09 AM |
| 70 |
Rotenburg Signals Group |
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Still Image |
Tuesday 23rd of November 2021 11:32:41 AM |
Tuesday 23rd of November 2021 11:32:41 AM |
| 71 |
Officers attending the funeral of DF Cavaye . Died on 21.06.1941 in a German Hospital, was a POW at Oflag VB. |
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Still Image |
Tuesday 23rd of November 2021 11:34:12 AM |
Tuesday 23rd of November 2021 11:34:12 AM |
| 72 |
Officers attending the funeral of DF Cavaye . Died on 21.06.1941 in a German Hospital, was a POW at Oflag VB. |
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Still Image |
Tuesday 23rd of November 2021 11:35:14 AM |
Tuesday 23rd of November 2021 11:35:14 AM |
| 73 |
The funeral of Lieutenant Derrick Fred Cavaye (Oflag VB died as POW) of the 4th Battalion The Queen's Own Cameron Highlanders, 1941. Copyright Mrs Marjory Wood. 2. |
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Still Image |
Tuesday 23rd of November 2021 11:36:52 AM |
Tuesday 23rd of November 2021 11:36:52 AM |
| 74 |
The grave of Lieutenant Derrick Fred Cavaye (Oflag VB died as POW) of the 4th Battalion The Queen's Own Cameron Highlanders, 1941. Copyright Mrs Marjory Wood. 1. |
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Still Image |
Tuesday 23rd of November 2021 11:38:22 AM |
Tuesday 23rd of November 2021 11:38:22 AM |
| 75 |
Pte. David G. Reid 2823046 |
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Still Image |
Tuesday 23rd of November 2021 11:45:29 AM |
Tuesday 23rd of November 2021 11:45:29 AM |
| 76 |
Group of POWs at Stalag XXA (Thorn) with Pte. David G Reid 2823046 marked with an X |
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Still Image |
Tuesday 23rd of November 2021 11:46:50 AM |
Tuesday 23rd of November 2021 11:46:50 AM |
| 77 |
Pte David G Reid |
Pte David G Reid 2823046 of the 2nd Battalion Seaforth Highlanders. Possibly captured following he defat of the 51st Highland division at St. Valery. Reported missing on the 18/07/1940 under Casualty List No 258. and later, on the 06/08/1940 under Casualty List No.274. as a POW.
POW No.17663
Stalag 20a, Thorn Podgorz. |
Organisation |
Tuesday 23rd of November 2021 11:46:56 AM |
Tuesday 23rd of November 2021 02:31:01 PM |
| 78 |
Pte John Barron Wright |
Pte. John Barron Wright 2817728 6th (Morayshire) Battalion Seaforth Highlanders TA
POW No.5862
Stalag 20a, Thorn Podgorz |
Organisation |
Tuesday 23rd of November 2021 11:48:03 AM |
Tuesday 23rd of November 2021 11:48:03 AM |
| 79 |
Chapel at Stalag XI B |
Chapel at Stalag XIB. At some camps POWs were allowed to convert a barrack or part of a building into chapels for religious services. |
Still Image |
Tuesday 23rd of November 2021 11:54:51 AM |
Tuesday 23rd of November 2021 11:54:51 AM |
| 80 |
Stalag XI-B |
Stalag XI-B and Stalag XI-D / 357 were two German World War II prisoner-of-war camps (Stammlager) located just to the east of the town of Fallingbostel in Lower Saxony, in north-western Germany. The camps housed Polish, French, Belgian, Soviet, Italian, British, Yugoslav, American, Canadian and other Allied POWs. |
Site |
Tuesday 23rd of November 2021 11:56:15 AM |
Tuesday 23rd of November 2021 11:56:15 AM |
| 81 |
Communion at Stalag VIII A |
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Still Image |
Tuesday 23rd of November 2021 11:59:16 AM |
Tuesday 23rd of November 2021 11:59:16 AM |
| 82 |
Stalag VIII-A |
Stalag VIII-A was a German World War II prisoner-of-war camp, located just to the south of the town of Görlitz in Lower Silesia, east of the River Neisse. The location of the camp lies in today's Polish town of Zgorzelec, which lies over the river from Görlitz. |
Site |
Tuesday 23rd of November 2021 11:59:36 AM |
Tuesday 23rd of November 2021 11:59:36 AM |
| 83 |
2019-032-qqq Funeral of Sgt Hastie Seaforth Highlander died in Stalag 383 June 1943 |
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Still Image |
Tuesday 23rd of November 2021 12:00:47 PM |
Tuesday 23rd of November 2021 12:00:47 PM |
| 84 |
A watch tower at Stalag 383. |
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Still Image |
Tuesday 23rd of November 2021 12:09:53 PM |
Tuesday 23rd of November 2021 12:09:53 PM |
| 85 |
POW camps background |
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Still Image |
Tuesday 23rd of November 2021 01:25:07 PM |
Tuesday 23rd of November 2021 01:25:07 PM |
| 86 |
McGraw 4 Back |
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Still Image |
Tuesday 23rd of November 2021 02:07:21 PM |
Tuesday 23rd of November 2021 02:07:21 PM |
| 87 |
McGraw 4 Front |
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Still Image |
Tuesday 23rd of November 2021 02:07:46 PM |
Tuesday 23rd of November 2021 02:07:46 PM |
| 88 |
McGraw 5 Back |
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Still Image |
Tuesday 23rd of November 2021 02:08:13 PM |
Tuesday 23rd of November 2021 02:08:13 PM |
| 89 |
McGraw 5 Front |
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Still Image |
Tuesday 23rd of November 2021 02:08:40 PM |
Tuesday 23rd of November 2021 03:16:40 PM |
| 90 |
Pte D McGraw (2931988) |
Pte D McGraw (2931988), Cameron Highlanders', Stalag IXc Mulhausen. PoW Number 743. |
Organisation |
Tuesday 23rd of November 2021 02:08:50 PM |
Tuesday 23rd of November 2021 03:17:51 PM |
| 91 |
Jimmy the POW |
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Still Image |
Tuesday 23rd of November 2021 02:10:07 PM |
Tuesday 23rd of November 2021 02:10:07 PM |
| 92 |
William Ellis |
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Still Image |
Tuesday 23rd of November 2021 02:10:36 PM |
Tuesday 23rd of November 2021 02:10:36 PM |
| 93 |
Pte James. A. Ellis (2817986) |
Pte James. A. Ellis (2817986) Stalag IXc Mulhausen. POW No. 1448. |
Organisation |
Tuesday 23rd of November 2021 02:10:55 PM |
Tuesday 23rd of November 2021 03:18:33 PM |
| 94 |
CSM Savage Beekeeper 383 |
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Still Image |
Tuesday 23rd of November 2021 03:39:50 PM |
Tuesday 23rd of November 2021 03:39:50 PM |
| 95 |
Sergeant Major James Hamilton Savage |
Following his capture at St Valery-en-Caux on the 12th of June 1940, and after an arduous march into captivity, Company Sergeant Major James Hamilton Savage of the 4th Battalion the Queen’s Own Cameron Highlanders, found himself imprisoned in Stalag 383.
The POW camp, located in Hohenfels, Germany, was built in 1938 and used as a training camp for German soldiers so accommodation at the camp was quite good. When war broke out, the training camp was turned int a POW camp. At first it housed only officers and was called Oflag IIIC, it was later renamed Stalag 383 as POWs from lower ranks arrived.
It was located in a high valley surrounded by dense woodland; the weather was lovely in the summer but cold in the winter. The camp had 400 detached accommodation huts, each about 36 meters squared, and housing about 14 men, a total of 5,600 POWs. As the war progressed, and more POW arrived at the camp, more huts were built.
As a non-commissioned officer, under the terms of the Geneva Convention, CSM Savage was not forced to work during his time in captivity. With no work, Savage had to look for something else to alleviate his boredom. Before the war, his father had taught him about beekeeping and while in captivity he sourced a book on the subject from the Red Cross. Beekeeping was to become Savage’s escape from the monotony of daily life in a POW camp.
Occasionally and under supervision of guards, POWs allowed out of the camp. Savage was allowed out of camp to meet a beekeeper from the local village who gave Savage the first hive and bees for the camp.
More hives were to follow, made from the wooden crates the Red Cross deliveries came in, and populated with bees Savage caught, there were soon many beehives in Stalag 383.
In 1942 Savage set up the Captive Drones Association, a group for POWs in Stalag 383 who were interested in beekeeping. A drone is a name for a male bee that does not work or is idle, the Captive Drones Association is a play on words that could refer to either the bees in the hives or the POWs looking after them!
Soon Savage was teaching others how to keep bees and the men were even able to take exams in beekeeping arranged through The British Beekeeping Association, but the POWs did not get to enjoy the taste of the honey often, most of the honey stayed with the bees to help them survive winter. Beekeeping at Stalag 383 was more an activity to keep the men occupied during their imprisonment rather than an attempt to produce a regular source of food.
On April 24, 1945, those that had been left in Stalag 383 were liberated by the 65th Infantry Division. When CSM Savage returned home after the war he found employment with the West of Scotland Agricultural College where he lectured in beekeeping, eventually becoming the Head of Beekeeping. |
Organisation |
Tuesday 23rd of November 2021 03:40:10 PM |
Tuesday 23rd of November 2021 03:40:10 PM |
| 96 |
bee keeping In the foothills of the Bavarian Alps |
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Still Image |
Tuesday 21st of December 2021 10:23:51 AM |
Tuesday 21st of December 2021 10:23:51 AM |
| 97 |
BeeKeepers name plaque |
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Still Image |
Tuesday 21st of December 2021 10:25:03 AM |
Tuesday 21st of December 2021 10:25:03 AM |
| 98 |
Beekeeping and honey making Stalag 383 |
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Still Image |
Tuesday 21st of December 2021 10:26:28 AM |
Tuesday 21st of December 2021 10:26:28 AM |
| 99 |
CSM Savage Beekeeper 383 |
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Still Image |
Tuesday 21st of December 2021 10:28:31 AM |
Tuesday 21st of December 2021 10:28:31 AM |
| 100 |
Fencing and watchtower in the snow at Stalag 383, Hohenfels, Bavaria circa 1941 |
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Still Image |
Tuesday 21st of December 2021 10:29:51 AM |
Tuesday 21st of December 2021 10:29:51 AM |
| 101 |
JHS with fellow Scots POWs |
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Still Image |
Tuesday 21st of December 2021 10:30:42 AM |
Tuesday 21st of December 2021 10:30:42 AM |
| 102 |
Captive Drones Pres Capt Rev K Grant VC & Chmn CSM J Savage M M Stalag 383 in 1943-4 |
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Still Image |
Tuesday 21st of December 2021 10:32:16 AM |
Tuesday 21st of December 2021 10:32:16 AM |
| 103 |
Captive Drones Grant Chartrey Savage Sheppard & O S Stand Adams Stalag 383 in 1943-4 |
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Still Image |
Tuesday 21st of December 2021 10:33:43 AM |
Tuesday 21st of December 2021 10:33:43 AM |
| 104 |
Bee keeping hives second from the left is a Roman Catholic Padre (KGrant) who became a bishop |
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Still Image |
Tuesday 21st of December 2021 10:36:22 AM |
Tuesday 21st of December 2021 10:36:22 AM |
| 105 |
The Beekeeper of Stalag 383 |
Following his capture at St Valery-en-Caux on the 12th of June 1940, and after an arduous march into captivity, Company Sergeant Major James Hamilton Savage of the 4th Battalion the Queen’s Own Cameron Highlanders, found himself imprisoned in Stalag 383.
The POW camp, located in Hohenfels, Germany, was built in 1938 and used as a training camp for German soldiers so accommodation at the camp was quite good. When war broke out, the training camp was turned int a POW camp. At first it housed only officers and was called Oflag IIIC, it was later renamed Stalag 383 as POWs from lower ranks arrived.
It was located in a high valley surrounded by dense woodland; the weather was lovely in the summer but cold in the winter. The camp had 400 detached accommodation huts, each about 36 meters squared, and housing about 14 men, a total of 5,600 POWs. As the war progressed, and more POW arrived at the camp, more huts were built.
As a non-commissioned officer, under the terms of the Geneva Convention, CSM Savage was not forced to work during his time in captivity. With no work, Savage had to look for something else to alleviate his boredom. Before the war, his father had taught him about beekeeping and while in captivity he sourced a book on the subject from the Red Cross. Beekeeping was to become Savage’s escape from the monotony of daily life in a POW camp.
Occasionally and under supervision of guards, POWs allowed out of the camp. Savage was allowed out of camp to meet a beekeeper from the local village who gave Savage the first hive and bees for the camp.
More hives were to follow, made from the wooden crates the Red Cross deliveries came in, and populated with bees Savage caught, there were soon many beehives in Stalag 383.
In 1942 Savage set up the Captive Drones Association, a group for POWs in Stalag 383 who were interested in beekeeping. A drone is a name for a male bee that does not work or is idle, the Captive Drones Association is a play on words that could refer to either the bees in the hives or the POWs looking after them!
Soon Savage was teaching others how to keep bees and the men were even able to take exams in beekeeping arranged through The British Beekeeping Association, but the POWs did not get to enjoy the taste of the honey often, most of the honey stayed with the bees to help them survive winter. Beekeeping at Stalag 383 was more an activity to keep the men occupied during their imprisonment rather than an attempt to produce a regular source of food.
On April 24, 1945, those that had been left in Stalag 383 were liberated by the 65th Infantry Division. When CSM Savage returned home after the war he found employment with the West of Scotland Agricultural College where he lectured in beekeeping, eventually becoming the Head of Beekeeping. |
Organisation |
Tuesday 21st of December 2021 10:36:36 AM |
Tuesday 21st of December 2021 10:36:36 AM |
| 106 |
Wooden mask from Brunei |
This fearsome wooden mask was picked up by Private M Jacobs of the Queen’s Own Highlanders whilst on patrol in Brunei in 1962. It was attached to a sign that said “British soldiers go no further”. |
3D Object |
Monday 31st of January 2022 05:36:22 PM |
Tuesday 17th of May 2022 03:02:48 PM |
| 107 |
Wooden mask from Brunei |
This fearsome wooden mask was picked up by Private M Jacobs of the Queen’s Own Highlanders whilst on patrol in Brunei in 1962. It was attached to a sign that said “British soldiers go no further”. |
Physical Object |
Monday 31st of January 2022 05:40:56 PM |
Monday 06th of June 2022 12:56:54 PM |
| 108 |
Johnnie and his American army helmet |
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Still Image |
Wednesday 16th of February 2022 02:24:44 PM |
Wednesday 16th of February 2022 02:24:44 PM |
| 109 |
A note from American soldiers stating that they believed Johnnie was a British POW. |
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Still Image |
Wednesday 16th of February 2022 02:25:16 PM |
Wednesday 16th of February 2022 02:25:16 PM |
| 110 |
Johnnie Matheson c. 1939 |
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Still Image |
Wednesday 16th of February 2022 02:25:52 PM |
Wednesday 16th of February 2022 02:25:52 PM |
| 111 |
Johnnie Matheson, second from the left in the back row, at Stalag IX C |
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Still Image |
Wednesday 16th of February 2022 02:26:40 PM |
Wednesday 16th of February 2022 02:26:40 PM |
| 112 |
The Highland Houdini |
Seaforth Highlander Private Johnnie Matheson was taken prisoner at St. Valery-en-Caux in June 1940 and sent to a POW camp to spend the rest of the war in as a prisoner of war, but Johnnie had other ideas…determined not to be held prisoner for the duration of the war he attempted to escape his German captors not less than five times!
As an enlisted soldier Johnnie, unlike the officers held as POWs, was part of a working party, a group of men sent out of the POW camp to work for their captors. Often the work they were made to do was hard labouring working as miners, foresters, agricultural and factory workers. The POWs would sleep in accommodation near where they worked and were kept under armed guard. Many men tried to escape from the work parties.
Johnnie’s first three escape attempts were all unplanned and happened when he was part of a work party. On each escape attempt Johnnie noticed the guards were not paying attention and he took his chance to simply walk away from the work party and make his escape. Often men who attempted this were shot dead by the guards but on each occasion Johnnie was quickly recaptured and put into solitary confinement for a month as punishment.
Johnnie’s next escape attempt was better planned. He and his friend, Snowy, were part of a work party harvesting seeds from plants near Stalag IX C. They were housed in wooden huts surrounded by barbed wire fences. They spent six months digging a tunnel from under the stove in their hut to beyond the barbed wire fence keeping them in. When they day of escape came they crawled through the tunnel, emerging on the other side of the fence, and made a run for it as the guards fired machine guns at them.
Using the stars as their guide, Johnnie and Snowy spent the next month trying to reach Switzerland. Travelling at night and hiding during the day, they survived by steeling vegetables from gardens before arriving on the shores of Lake Constance which separated Germany and Switzerland. Johnnie couldn’t swim, and despite Snowy pleading with him to come, he decided he would rather be shot for trying to escape than drown in the water. Snowy made it across the lake to safety, Johnnie was recaptured and sent back to camp. As punishment for his escape Johnnie’s fingernails were painfully removed and he received another month's solitary confinement in an underground chamber.
Johnnie’s fifth and final escape came in 1945 when, in the face of probable defeat, the Germans began evacuating the POW camps, marching the POWs west across Europe in an attempt to prolong the liberation of the POWs. Johnnie had heard that the German planned to march them to the Alpes and shoot them so, after three days marching to what he believed would be his death, Johnnie tried one final escape. One night he escaped his billet in a hayloft, slipped into a ditch and disappeared into the night.
After days of walking and trying to stay out of sight of the Germans, he made it to a wood where he bedded down in a tree covered hollow. There was fighting all around him and he could hear German voices close by, but he remained hidden for several days. Eventually he heard American voices and made himself known to them by shouting “I’m a POW!”. Johnnie was only six stones in weight, starving hungry and thirsty when he found the American soldiers. They gave him water and food, an American uniform, and a rifle, and posted him to one of their tank units to help with the war effort until victory in Europe was declared.
Unsure what to do with him when the war was over, the Americans eventually sent Johnnie home with £1000 they’d gathered in a whip-round and a brand new BMW which had been requisitioned and painted with the stars and stripes of the American flag. Johnnie drove the BMW across Europe back home to Scotland where he became a farmer after the war. |
Organisation |
Wednesday 16th of February 2022 02:26:51 PM |
Wednesday 16th of February 2022 02:26:51 PM |
| 113 |
Jimmy Aitkinson |
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Still Image |
Wednesday 16th of February 2022 02:32:03 PM |
Wednesday 16th of February 2022 02:32:03 PM |
| 114 |
Peter Oliver |
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Still Image |
Wednesday 16th of February 2022 02:32:23 PM |
Wednesday 16th of February 2022 02:32:23 PM |
| 115 |
Pipes and drums being played in a POW camp |
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Still Image |
Wednesday 16th of February 2022 02:32:56 PM |
Wednesday 16th of February 2022 02:32:56 PM |
| 116 |
The Reel of the 51st Highland Division |
On 12th June, 1940, the 51st Highland Division, last remnants of the British Expeditionary Force in France, surrendered to German armoured forces surrounding them at St Valery-en-Caux. The great majority of men of the 51st Highland Division were taken as prisoners of war.
Among them was Lieut. Jimmy Atkinson of the 7th Battalion Argyll and Sutherland Highlanders who had been captured a week before the surrender at St Valery. A keen country dancer in his life before the war, as Jimmy was marched through Europe to the POW camps he occupied his mind with the happy memories of music and dancing and he began thinking of steps for a new Scottish country dance.
After several weeks of travel through Europe Jimmy, along with a number of other POWs from the Highland Division, arrived in Oflag VII C in Laufen in Bavaria, where he would spend the next few months as a POW. Jimmy soon met up with another Scottish soldier being held prisoner at Laufen, Lieut. Peter Oliver of the 4th Seaforth Highlanders. Peter had set up a highland dancing class called The Reel Club which Jimmy soon joined.
At Laufen, dancing took place on the top landing of the prison hospital block, the only place in the overcrowded prison with room to dance. Meetings were held three afternoons a week and around 20 officers were regular attendees. With no musical instruments available, the tune was either whistled or the tempo of the dance was called out.
Jimmy soon put his idea for a new dance to Peter and together they worked it out. The dance took the form of the St. Andrews Cross, the insignia of the 51st Highland Division. Another member of The Reel Club, Lieut. Col. Tom Harris Hunter had been Chairman of the Perth Branch of the Scottish Country Dance Society before the war. He suggested a few alterations to the dance to ensure it complied with the Societies customs. Between the three men they created a new dance.
Music for the dance was composed by the piper and leader of the POW camp mouth organ band, Hector Ross of the 4th Seaforth Highlanders, and Dugald Stewart of the 8th Argyll & Sutherland Highlanders, but most of the time the POWs danced the reel to ‘My Love She’s but a Lassie Yet!’
As the Reel Club was beginning to take off most of the junior officers in Laufen were sent to Stalag XXID at Posen in Poland, and later to Biberach in Bavaria. They eventually re-joined each other in the autumn of 1941 in Oflag VIIB at Warburg and the first public performance of The Reel of the 51st Division happened there on Halloween night 1941.
Both Harris Hunter and Jimmy sent details of the dance home to Scotland but the German censors in camp delayed the letter’s arrival believing the hieroglyphics to be a cunningly coded message! Eventually the letter to Harris Hunter’s wife made it home and she presented it to the Scottish Country Dance Society who went on to include the dance in their 13th book of Scottish country dances. |
Organisation |
Wednesday 16th of February 2022 02:33:06 PM |
Wednesday 16th of February 2022 02:33:06 PM |
| 117 |
Goons |
POWs called the guards “Goons” a slang word meaning silly or stupid people, they would often play tricks on the guards to try and annoy and distract them, this was called “Goon Baiting”.
Escapes were not common, with most prisoners deciding that a bid for freedom was not worth the risk of execution, but some tried, and some were successful. To prevent escapes the German’s had a lot of soldiers guarding the prisoners. By 1943 over 400,000 German soldiers were directly involved in supervising POWs in camps across the German state. |
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Sunday 27th of March 2022 11:06:44 AM |
Sunday 27th of March 2022 11:06:44 AM |
| 118 |
Security |
Prisoners would arrive at the POW camp by train, truck or on foot from following their capture. On arrival they would see the gates and fences they would be kept behind for the rest of the war.
Camp layouts varied but many had double gated entrances with guard towers each side, the compounds were surrounded by high double fences, some sloped in at the top making climbing over them harder and between the fences were coils of barbed wire. Evenly spaced along the outer fence were tall watch towers manned by guards with powerful searchlights and machine guns, ready to shoot anyone who tried to escape and guards, sometimes with dogs, patrolled the fence line and interior of the camp. Prisoners would be counted several times throughout the day and night to check that none had escaped. |
Still Image |
Sunday 27th of March 2022 11:07:58 AM |
Sunday 27th of March 2022 11:07:58 AM |
| 119 |
Sports |
Sports in the camp were very well organised by the various sporting committees. Intercamp leagues were organised and special events such as Highland Games and even a mini-Olympics were held at Oflag II C in 1944.
Sports played an important role in the moral and physical well-being of prisoners of war and diverted their attention from the grim realities of everyday camp life. |
Still Image |
Sunday 27th of March 2022 11:41:46 AM |
Sunday 27th of March 2022 11:41:46 AM |
| 120 |
Parade Ground |
Daily routine varied from camp to camp, but all prisoners would be expected to parade at least once a day where a roll call would be taken. This would happen in the parade ground, an area of open space within the camp.
The number and duration of parades at each camp were decided by the person in charge of the camp, the Commander, it also depended on whether any prisoners had escaped, if numbers did not add up the POWs, often hungry and exhausted, could be kept on parade for a very long time as punishment.
In some camps, the parade ground was also used for sporting activities.
Image: Morning parade at Stalag VIIIA |
Still Image |
Sunday 27th of March 2022 11:44:33 AM |
Sunday 27th of March 2022 11:44:33 AM |
| 121 |
Sport |
Many POWs enjoyed participating in sports to relieve the boredom in camp. In some camps they had dedicated sports fields for all sorts of activities, in others the parade ground doubled up as the sports field.
Most of the sports kits were sent to the camps by the Red Cross and the YMCA and included equipment for sports such as baseball, football, and hockey, as well as individual sports like boxing and even golf! |
Still Image |
Sunday 27th of March 2022 11:45:49 AM |
Sunday 27th of March 2022 11:45:49 AM |
| 122 |
Barracks |
Accommodation in Stalag VIIA was particularly bad. The camp had been built to hold 14,000 prisoners but eventually held 130,000 POWs. In some compounds the barracks were empty shells with dirt floors, in others they were wooden buildings with a washroom containing a few cold-water taps. By joining the bunks together they could fit 500 men into a building originally meant to hold only 200. Every building was infested with rats. The conditions were so bad that when the weather improved in the spring many of the POWs moved out of the barracks into tents or slept outside in the open air.
Photo – tents to address the problems of overcrowding at Stalag VII A |
Still Image |
Sunday 27th of March 2022 11:47:48 AM |
Sunday 27th of March 2022 11:47:48 AM |
| 123 |
Service Biscuits |
Biscuit Box with biscuits sealed inside.
Part of the Highlander’s Museum collection (Queen’s Own Highlanders Collection). |
Still Image |
Sunday 27th of March 2022 11:49:22 AM |
Sunday 27th of March 2022 11:49:22 AM |
| 124 |
Barracks |
Most barracks had a small coal or wood burning stove in the middle of the room for heating but the small rations of fuel didn’t keep the prisoners very warm. In winter the barracks were often freezing and the Red Cross sent out additional clothing and blankets to keep POWs warm. The small stove would also be used to prepare any food the men had received in addition to their rations, such as treats sent from home, or the food from the Red Cross parcels.
Photo – An officer from Stalag Luft I cooking and drying clothes from the heat of the stove in his barracks. |
Still Image |
Sunday 27th of March 2022 11:50:46 AM |
Sunday 27th of March 2022 11:50:46 AM |
| 125 |
Wool Jumper |
Jersey made from scaps of wool by 2 Lt TD Scott, 4th Bn Seaforth Highlanders while a Prisoner of War. |
Still Image |
Sunday 27th of March 2022 11:51:48 AM |
Sunday 27th of March 2022 11:51:48 AM |
| 126 |
Barracks |
Most POW camps held several thousand prisoners at any one time and overcrowding and a lack of personal space was a real problem.
Prisoners were usually housed in one-storey wooden barracks which contained bunk beds that were two or three tiers high and usually made of wood, but not all barracks were the same. In Stalag Luft III a single barrack block was split into 12 smaller rooms each holding up to 15 men. The whole block could hold up to 180 men and there were up to 15 blocks in each of the four compounds in the camp. At Stalag XXI D, Sgt John Hillman who had been taken prisoner at St Valery recorded in his diary that the rooms held up to 30 men in two-tier metal bunk beds.
Photo – A crowded barrack room at Stalag Luft I where up to 22 men slept. |
Still Image |
Sunday 27th of March 2022 11:52:42 AM |
Sunday 27th of March 2022 11:52:42 AM |
| 127 |
Religion |
Religion played an important role in the lives of many POWs with many prisoner’s diaries recording thanks to God for their survival and prayers for an end to the war and their release.
When in captivity the religious needs of POWs were met by chaplains from the Royal Army Chaplains’ Department (RACD) who had also been taken prisoner. In November 1942 a total of 86 chaplains of all denominations from the RACD were POWs serving the 77,000 other men held captive in Europe at that time. |
Still Image |
Sunday 27th of March 2022 11:55:04 AM |
Sunday 27th of March 2022 11:55:04 AM |
| 128 |
Chaplains |
Chaplains were usually held in Oflags so, in the early years of the war, few Stalags had one. At Oflag VIIA there were 18 chaplains in the camp when other camps had none. CSM James Fulton of the Seaforth Highlanders and the British Man of Confidence in Stalag XXB, wrote to the German authorities requesting a Church of England Padre and a Church of Scotland Padre be sent to a camp to meet the religious needs of the POWs, similarly, chaplains would often be requested to be sent to camps where there was no religious provision.
As there were so few of them, chaplains had to put aside their religious differences to meet the needs of the POWs. At Stalag 17B Captain Stephen W. Kane carried the full religious burden for the Christians in the camp, conducting daily services for the catholic POWs and offering additional services for the protestants.
In addition to regular services, bible study groups were allowed in some camps and one-to-one conversations between the Padre and a POW would take place on walks around the camp where their conversation would be a little more private. |
Still Image |
Sunday 27th of March 2022 11:56:12 AM |
Sunday 27th of March 2022 11:56:12 AM |
| 129 |
Funeral Services |
A key role the chaplains played in POW camps was conducting funeral services for POWs who had died in captivity. Under Article 76 of the Geneva Convention prisoners of war who have died in captivity must be given an honourable burial. For the most part, the German guards adhered to the conditions of Article 76, allowing funerals with full military honours and burial at either the camp cemetery or the local village cemetery, often accompanied by the firing a volley of shots over the grave as a mark of respect for the deceased soldier.
The ability to continue to practice their faith while held in captivity played a vital role in the wellbeing and morale of all POWs. |
Still Image |
Sunday 27th of March 2022 11:57:18 AM |
Sunday 27th of March 2022 11:57:18 AM |
| 130 |
Drum |
Side Drum - made for use by the Pipe Band formed by Prisoners of War.
It bears the badge of the Seaforth Highlanders.
Part of the Highlander’s Museum collection (Queen’s Own Highlanders Collection). |
Still Image |
Sunday 27th of March 2022 11:59:46 AM |
Sunday 27th of March 2022 11:59:46 AM |
| 131 |
Theatre |
Under the guidance of Michael Goodliffe, a former member of the Royal Shakespeare Company and an officer in the Royal Warwickshire Regiment, adaptions of Shakespeare’s Hamlet were performed at Oflag VII-C/Z with costumes loaned by the Munich Opera House!
Photos - Scenes from a production of Shakespeare’s Hamlet at Oflag VII C/Z |
Still Image |
Sunday 27th of March 2022 12:01:18 PM |
Sunday 27th of March 2022 12:01:18 PM |
| 132 |
Theatre |
Many POWs found enjoyment in the arts as a means of relieving the constant boredom of camp life. Theatre was a big draw for many POW, not just those interested in acting but also those POW who were interested in script writing, set design, costume making, and stage make up, as well as those that enjoyed watching the productions. |
Still Image |
Sunday 27th of March 2022 12:02:54 PM |
Sunday 27th of March 2022 12:02:54 PM |
| 133 |
Theatre |
In the early days of capture theatre productions were restricted with no stage, lighting, scripts, music, or costume. As the war progressed stages were built in recreation halls, even purpose-built theatres were erected in some camps. By the end of the war theatres in most camps were well organised with permanent stages, electricians, a company of actors, and set and costume designers all working together to bring the theatre to life.
Photo – inside the well-equipped theatre at Stalag Luft III. Note the seating has been made from the Red Cross packing crates. |
Still Image |
Sunday 27th of March 2022 12:03:58 PM |
Sunday 27th of March 2022 12:03:58 PM |
| 134 |
Theatre |
The prisoners put on many shows, the most popular of which were variety or music-hall performances, at Christmas time there were pantomimes, and all varieties of musical performances were performed at the theatres throughout the year.
Photo – a theatre programme for a play called “Babes in the Wood” ar Stalag XX B. |
Still Image |
Sunday 27th of March 2022 12:04:45 PM |
Sunday 27th of March 2022 12:04:45 PM |
| 135 |
Theatre |
A Theatre production at Stalag XX B |
Still Image |
Sunday 27th of March 2022 12:06:01 PM |
Sunday 27th of March 2022 12:06:01 PM |
| 136 |
Gardening Kits |
With meagre food rations and disruption to the supply of Red Cross food parcels, the charity had to think of other ways of increasing food supplies for POWs.
The American Red Cross shipped garden seeds and small tools to the International Committee of the Red Cross in Geneva who distributed the gardening kits to POW camps across Europe.
The gardening kits contained a carefully selected mixture of vegetable seeds and flower seeds. The vegetable seeds included lettuce, spinach, Swiss chard, cabbage, onion, radish, beetroot, carrot, onion, tomato, parsnip, turnip, sweetcorn, green beans, and peas. The flower seeds were mixed colours of marigolds, zinnias and candytufts. The kits also contained a combination weeder and three handheld garden hoes. The kits only weighed six pounds but could plant up to one eighth of an acre (465 square meters) of garden!
The kits served two purposes - to improve the nutritional quality of camp food and to provide the men with something to do to fill the long boring days in camp.
Although the gardening kits were intended to go to all POW camps in Europe holding American prisoners, British POWs had access to seeds and tools too. Evidence suggests that gardening activities were found more often in Oflags and in Stalags that held many officers. This may be because officers did not need to work and would have had more time to cultivate the garden. |
Still Image |
Sunday 27th of March 2022 12:11:06 PM |
Sunday 27th of March 2022 12:11:06 PM |
| 137 |
Gardening |
James Alexander 'Lofty' Windsor. 1943 in veg garden Stalag XVIII A |
Still Image |
Sunday 27th of March 2022 12:17:34 PM |
Sunday 27th of March 2022 12:17:34 PM |
| 138 |
Photo |
Tom Laracy and Dick McInnes in the Camp Vegetable Garden, 1943. Tom and Dick worked full time in the camp kitchen Stalag XVIII A |
Still Image |
Sunday 27th of March 2022 12:18:45 PM |
Sunday 27th of March 2022 12:18:45 PM |
| 139 |
Wash Block |
Washing facilities varied enormously across all camps. At Oflag XVII A the POWs lived in barrack huts that were divided into two dormitories each housing around 100 men with a washroom between them and a separate shower block where prisoners were allowed two cold showers a month. |
Still Image |
Sunday 27th of March 2022 12:20:47 PM |
Sunday 27th of March 2022 12:20:47 PM |
| 140 |
Wash Block |
Other camps including Stalag Luft IV had an open-air latrines which were not emptied often and no showers or baths available for the POW. Poor wash facilities in many camps meant that fleas and lice were common amongst the POWs. |
Still Image |
Sunday 27th of March 2022 12:21:51 PM |
Sunday 27th of March 2022 12:21:51 PM |
| 141 |
Wash Block |
At Stalag Luft I there was only one bath-house with ten shower-heads for over 4,000 POW to use, it was also used as a delousing plant for newly arrived POWs and for any outbreaks of fleas and lice in camp. |
Still Image |
Sunday 27th of March 2022 12:22:46 PM |
Sunday 27th of March 2022 12:22:46 PM |
| 142 |
Mail Room |
All mail sent and received from POWs had to be checked to ensure secret messages weren’t passing on information about the camp. This censorship of the mail often delayed it by four or five weeks. The delays were a source of frustration for many POWs.
Separated from their families and with no idea when, or if, they might see them again, letters to and from home were crucial to the wellbeing of the POWs
Photo – Translators checking mail in the camp post office at Stalag II B. |
Still Image |
Sunday 27th of March 2022 12:25:11 PM |
Sunday 27th of March 2022 12:25:11 PM |
| 143 |
Mail Room |
Under the terms of the Geneva, Convention POWs were allowed to send and receive letters and packages from home. On arrival at a camp, a POW was allowed to send a postcard home to tell their family of their capture and the state of their health. After this, they were allowed to write home at least once a month, but the numbers of letters home a POW was allowed to send varied across camps. There was no limit on how much mail the POWs could receive.
Photo – Postcard sent home from Cpl Peter Bermingham of the Seaforth Highlanders held captive in Stalag XX A. |
Still Image |
Sunday 27th of March 2022 12:27:09 PM |
Sunday 27th of March 2022 12:27:09 PM |
| 144 |
Cookhouse |
Food became a huge preoccupation for POWs and supplies varied in portion size and quality depending on how well the Germans were doing in the war. POWs were meant to receive 1,900 calories each day, the same as a non-working German civilian, but got a lot less. Most POWs lost at least 40 pounds in weight during their time in captivity. Rations of food and water would be prepared in the cookhouse and collected from there or delivered to the barracks where they would be eaten. |
Still Image |
Sunday 27th of March 2022 12:29:25 PM |
Sunday 27th of March 2022 12:29:25 PM |
| 145 |
Cookhouse |
The typical ration for British, Canadian, and American POWS (Soviet POWs were given even less) was: 9lbs/4kg of potatoes per week, 5lbs/2.25kg of bread, and 2.5lbs/1kg of cabbage. Additional rations would include 7oz/200g of sausage or blood sausage and small amounts of sugar, salt, barley, and a substitute coffee made from ground acorns. In the morning and evenings, the POWs might get hot water and a thin barley porridge followed by a thin potato soup with bread. Vegetables were added to the soup if available and, if they had supplies, they might get a small amount of sausage. |
Still Image |
Sunday 27th of March 2022 12:30:17 PM |
Sunday 27th of March 2022 12:30:17 PM |
| 146 |
Cookhouse |
Camp money could be used in the camp canteen to buy luxuries when they were available or to trade goods sent from home or received in Red Cross parcels. The canteens were often poorly stocked but you could buy beer, honey and toiletries when they were available. |
Still Image |
Sunday 27th of March 2022 12:31:09 PM |
Sunday 27th of March 2022 12:31:09 PM |
| 147 |
Cookhouse |
Red Cross Parcels were intended to provide POWs with vital nourishment to supplement the poor rations provided by the Germans. They sent up to 163,000 parcels each week but it wasn’t enough for every POW to get one so the camps set up systems to share out the contents of the food parcels. A typical British Red Cross food parcel usually contained an assortment of familiar favourites, including tinned foods, dried milk, tea, cheese, marmite and chocolate. |
Still Image |
Sunday 27th of March 2022 12:32:07 PM |
Sunday 27th of March 2022 12:32:07 PM |
| 148 |
Cookhouse - Chess and Cards |
Over the course of the Second World War, the British Red Cross sent around twenty million food parcels from the UK to British Prisoners of War. The parcels played a vital role in helping to keep prisoners alive during their time in captivity. |
Still Image |
Sunday 27th of March 2022 12:34:16 PM |
Sunday 27th of March 2022 12:34:16 PM |
| 149 |
Cookhouse - Chess and Cards |
Playing chess was a common pastime on camp. |
Still Image |
Sunday 27th of March 2022 12:35:22 PM |
Sunday 27th of March 2022 12:35:22 PM |
| 150 |
Library |
There was enormous hunger for knowledge among the POWs and books became essential tools for learning and recreation. The Joint War Organisation’s Prisoners of War Department was soon sending books to camps and libraries became well-stocked. |
Still Image |
Sunday 27th of March 2022 12:37:34 PM |
Sunday 27th of March 2022 12:37:34 PM |
| 151 |
Library |
Men set up groups to share their skills with others, from music to language lessons, and beekeeping to birdwatching. There were also more formal educational activities in the camps. Many universities and colleges worked with the British Red Cross to deliver recognised qualifications to POWs across Europe. Captain John Dennistoun-Sword, of the 1st Battalion Gordon Highlanders, continued his law studies while held prisoner in Oflag VIB , passing the Bar Examination in 1942 when he was still a POW. So many POW began formal studying when captive in the camps that they became known as the barbed-wire universities. |
Still Image |
Sunday 27th of March 2022 12:38:20 PM |
Sunday 27th of March 2022 12:38:20 PM |
| 152 |
Ebony Snuff Box containing fragments of the Colours of the 78th Highlanders |
|
Still Image |
Tuesday 17th of May 2022 02:39:03 PM |
Tuesday 17th of May 2022 02:39:03 PM |
| 153 |
Ebony Snuff Box containing fragments of the Colours of the 78th Highlanders |
This ebony box containing fragments of the Colours of the 78th (Highlanders) Regiment of Foot is decorated with silver soldiers on each corner (although one is missing) and a silver elephant on top. The silver edging that surrounds a small glass window into the box contains an engraved inscription that reads: “Part of the Queens and Regimental Colours by the 78th Highlanders during the Indian Campaign and suppression of the Indian Munity.” A plaque on the reverse reads: “Presented to the officer's mess, 78th Highlanders by LT's Kirwan, Knight, Fordyce, on promotion Oct 1870”. |
Physical Object |
Tuesday 17th of May 2022 02:39:16 PM |
Monday 06th of June 2022 12:57:53 PM |
| 154 |
Ornamental double-barrelled pistol belonging to Sir Alan Cameron of Erracht |
This highly decorative double-barrelled flintlock pistol once belonged to Sir Alan Cameron of Erracht, who raised the 79th Cameron Highlanders in 1793. The intricately patterned nature of the pistol, inlaid with gold and silver, indicates that it would have been worn as part of Highland civilian dress. |
Still Image |
Tuesday 17th of May 2022 02:42:50 PM |
Tuesday 17th of May 2022 02:42:50 PM |
| 155 |
Ornamental double-barrelled pistol belonging to Sir Alan Cameron of Erracht |
This highly decorative double-barrelled flintlock pistol once belonged to Sir Alan Cameron of Erracht, who raised the 79th Cameron Highlanders in 1793. The intricately patterned nature of the pistol, inlaid with gold and silver, indicates that it would have been worn as part of Highland civilian dress. |
Physical Object |
Tuesday 17th of May 2022 02:43:11 PM |
Thursday 02nd of June 2022 12:35:03 PM |
| 156 |
Lovat Scouts Drum |
This Lovat Scouts tenor drum is emblazoned with the regimental crest (feauturing the motto, ‘Je Suis Prest’) and Battle Honours including South Africa, Egypt, Macedonia, Gallipoli, and France & Flanders. Throughout service, this drum would have played regimental marches such as the Lovat Scouts Quickstep. |
Still Image |
Tuesday 17th of May 2022 02:46:22 PM |
Tuesday 17th of May 2022 02:46:22 PM |
| 157 |
Lovat Scouts Drum |
This Lovat Scouts tenor drum is emblazoned with the regimental crest (feauturing the motto, ‘Je Suis Prest’) and Battle Honours including South Africa, Egypt, Macedonia, Gallipoli, and France & Flanders. Throughout service, this drum would have played regimental marches such as the Lovat Scouts Quickstep. |
Physical Object |
Tuesday 17th of May 2022 02:46:35 PM |
Monday 06th of June 2022 12:58:32 PM |
| 158 |
German Pickelhaube helmet |
This German Badischer Grenadiers helmet known as a ‘pickelhaube’ was picked up at the Battle of Neuve Chapelle by Private Malcom Macleod of the 1/4th Seaforth Highlanders. The helmet has a bullet hole where the wearer was killed – made of leather, pickelhaube helmets offered little protection and made popular trophies for British soldiers to collect from the battlefield. |
Still Image |
Tuesday 17th of May 2022 02:50:40 PM |
Tuesday 17th of May 2022 02:50:40 PM |
| 159 |
German Pickelhaube helmet |
This German Badischer Grenadiers helmet known as a ‘pickelhaube’ was picked up at the Battle of Neuve Chapelle by Private Malcom Macleod of the 1/4th Seaforth Highlanders. The helmet has a bullet hole where the wearer was killed – made of leather, pickelhaube helmets offered little protection and made popular trophies for British soldiers to collect from the battlefield. |
Physical Object |
Tuesday 17th of May 2022 02:51:07 PM |
Monday 06th of June 2022 12:58:51 PM |
| 160 |
Map case from El Alamein |
This map was used by Lieutenant Colonel AJ Noble MC, who was the Commanding Officer the 2nd Battalion Cameron Highlanders (Noble was awarded his Military Cross for service at the battle of El Alamein while with the 5th Camerons in 1942). He commanded the 2nd Camerons from September 1944 during the Allied attack on the German Gothic Line in northern Italy; the map shows the last battle fought by the battalion in Italy. |
Still Image |
Tuesday 17th of May 2022 02:55:04 PM |
Tuesday 17th of May 2022 02:55:04 PM |
| 161 |
Map case from El Alamein |
This map was used by Lieutenant Colonel AJ Noble MC, who was the Commanding Officer the 2nd Battalion Cameron Highlanders (Noble was awarded his Military Cross for service at the battle of El Alamein while with the 5th Camerons in 1942). He commanded the 2nd Camerons from September 1944 during the Allied attack on the German Gothic Line in northern Italy; the map shows the last battle fought by the battalion in Italy. |
Physical Object |
Tuesday 17th of May 2022 02:55:24 PM |
Tuesday 17th of May 2022 02:55:24 PM |
| 162 |
Fife Case of the Inches Volunteers |
This painted fife case belonged to the Inches Volunteers, a unit raised from a district to the east of Inverness in 1800. The fife is a small high-pitched flute-like instrument played by military drummers to provide simple music on the march. The use of drums was confined to the playing of calls, which was a means of communicating specific orders. |
Still Image |
Tuesday 17th of May 2022 03:10:07 PM |
Tuesday 17th of May 2022 03:10:07 PM |
| 163 |
Fife Case of the Inches Volunteers |
This painted fife case belonged to the Inches Volunteers, a unit raised from a district to the east of Inverness in 1800. The fife is a small high-pitched flute-like instrument played by military drummers to provide simple music on the march. The use of drums was confined to the playing of calls, which was a means of communicating specific orders. |
Physical Object |
Tuesday 17th of May 2022 03:14:23 PM |
Monday 06th of June 2022 12:59:09 PM |
| 164 |
FFE Short Bomblet 50mm |
This 50mm Bomblet was pertains to Warrant Officer 2 Colin Hill MBE who served with the Royal Engineers; the regiment was stationed in Afghanistan from 2001 - 2015. Hill was from Croy in the Highlands, and passed away in Kenya in 2013. |
Still Image |
Tuesday 17th of May 2022 03:18:12 PM |
Tuesday 17th of May 2022 03:18:12 PM |
| 165 |
FFE Short Bomblet 50mm |
This 50mm Bomblet was pertains to Warrant Officer 2 Colin Hill MBE who served with the Royal Engineers; the regiment was stationed in Afghanistan from 2001 - 2015. Hill was from Croy in the Highlands, and passed away in Kenya in 2013. |
Physical Object |
Tuesday 17th of May 2022 03:18:21 PM |
Monday 06th of June 2022 12:59:36 PM |
| 166 |
FFE Short Bomblet 50mm 3D Model |
This 50mm Bomblet was pertains to Warrant Officer 2 Colin Hill MBE who served with the Royal Engineers; the regiment was stationed in Afghanistan from 2001 - 2015. Hill was from Croy in the Highlands, and passed away in Kenya in 2013. |
3D Object |
Tuesday 17th of May 2022 07:34:18 PM |
Wednesday 18th of May 2022 03:22:50 PM |
| 167 |
The Highlanders' Museum |
|
Collection |
Tuesday 24th of May 2022 05:06:08 PM |
Monday 06th of June 2022 12:56:17 PM |
| 168 |
Lovat Scouts Drum (3D Model) |
|
3D Object |
Thursday 02nd of June 2022 11:46:46 AM |
Thursday 02nd of June 2022 12:15:32 PM |
| 169 |
Ebony Snuff Box containing fragments of the Colours of the 78th Highlanders (3D Model) |
|
3D Object |
Thursday 02nd of June 2022 11:50:14 AM |
Sunday 05th of June 2022 04:42:50 PM |
| 170 |
German Pickelhaube helmet (3D Model) |
|
3D Object |
Thursday 02nd of June 2022 11:52:41 AM |
Thursday 02nd of June 2022 12:26:59 PM |
| 171 |
Fife Case of the Inches Volunteers |
|
3D Object |
Thursday 02nd of June 2022 11:56:45 AM |
Thursday 02nd of June 2022 12:32:48 PM |
| 172 |
Ornamental double-barrelled pistol belonging to Sir Alan Cameron of Erracht |
|
3D Object |
Thursday 02nd of June 2022 11:59:11 AM |
Thursday 02nd of June 2022 12:34:42 PM |
| 173 |
Queen Victoria's Christmas Gift Tin, 1900 |
This tin was given by Queen Victoria as Christmas gift to British soldiers fighting in the South African Boer War in 1900. It belonged to 4040 William Alexander Gould of the Seaforth Highlanders. |
3D Object |
Tuesday 12th of July 2022 03:21:31 PM |
Tuesday 12th of July 2022 03:25:40 PM |
| 174 |
Queen Victoria's Christmas Gift Tin, 1900 |
This tin was given by Queen Victoria as Christmas gift to British soldiers fighting in the South African Boer War in 1900. It belonged to 4040 William Alexander Gould of the Seaforth Highlanders. |
Physical Object |
Tuesday 12th of July 2022 03:22:22 PM |
Tuesday 12th of July 2022 03:37:13 PM |
| 175 |
Pith Helmet belonging to Pte James Donaldson |
This pith helmet, or hat, belonged to Pte James Donaldson, and would have formed part of a tropical uniform. There is a patch of Cameron tartan on the side. This example likely dates from around WWI. |
3D Object |
Tuesday 12th of July 2022 04:34:41 PM |
Wednesday 27th of July 2022 01:51:37 PM |
| 176 |
Pith Helmet belonging to Pte James Donaldson |
This pith helmet, or hat, belonged to Pte James Donaldson, and would have formed part of a tropical uniform. There is a patch of Cameron tartan on the side. This example likely dates from around WWI. |
Physical Object |
Tuesday 12th of July 2022 04:35:15 PM |
Tuesday 12th of July 2022 04:38:30 PM |
| 177 |
4lb Gun Powder Flask |
Black metal gun power flask with a brass lid, linked to the Caithness Artillery Volunteers and dating to 1890. |
3D Object |
Tuesday 12th of July 2022 04:40:14 PM |
Wednesday 27th of July 2022 02:58:13 PM |
| 178 |
4lb Gun Powder Flask |
Black metal gun power flask with a brass lid, linked to the Caithness Artillery Volunteers and dating to 1890. |
Physical Object |
Tuesday 12th of July 2022 04:40:43 PM |
Tuesday 12th of July 2022 04:44:00 PM |
| 179 |
Decorative Plate taken from the Battle of Atbara |
This decorative, floral plate belonged to a Sudanese soldier who fought and died in the Battle of Atbara in 1898, part of the wider Mahdist War; the battle was a key engagement for the Seaforth Highlanders. It is likely that the plate was picked up by an unidentified Seaforth solider as a trophy. The plate has a floral pattern that was popular in Islamic art and artefacts of the period. It has been broken in several places and repaired in a rudimental manner; a modern plate hanger has been adhered to back. |
3D Object |
Tuesday 12th of July 2022 04:46:07 PM |
Tuesday 12th of July 2022 04:48:06 PM |
| 180 |
Decorative Plate taken from the Battle of Atbara |
This decorative, floral plate belonged to a Sudanese soldier who fought and died in the Battle of Atbara in 1898, part of the wider Mahdist War; the battle was a key engagement for the Seaforth Highlanders. It is likely that the plate was picked up by an unidentified Seaforth solider as a trophy. The plate has a floral pattern that was popular in Islamic art and artefacts of the period. It has been broken in several places and repaired in a rudimental manner; a modern plate hanger has been adhered to back. |
Physical Object |
Tuesday 12th of July 2022 04:46:36 PM |
Tuesday 12th of July 2022 04:55:12 PM |
| 181 |
Engraved Wooden Pipe belonging to a Lovat Scout |
Smoking pipe with highly decorative engraving commemorating the Ber War in South Africa, 1899 - 1902. This pipe belonged to a Lovat Scout. |
3D Object |
Tuesday 12th of July 2022 04:51:23 PM |
Tuesday 12th of July 2022 04:53:28 PM |
| 182 |
Engraved Wooden Pipe belonging to a Lovat Scout |
Smoking pipe with highly decorative engraving commemorating the Ber War in South Africa, 1899 - 1902. This pipe belonged to a Lovat Scout. |
Physical Object |
Tuesday 12th of July 2022 04:51:53 PM |
Tuesday 12th of July 2022 04:54:19 PM |
| 183 |
Railing from the Mahdi's Tomb |
A piece of the painted metal railing that surrounded the Mahdi's tomb in Omdurman; this object would have been taken in the aftermath of the Sudan Campaign where Britain gained control of Sudan. The object has been described a curio, but represents the looting and pillaging of conflict of the British Army at sites of conflict; this was particularly prevalent during the Victorian period. |
3D Object |
Tuesday 12th of July 2022 04:57:40 PM |
Tuesday 12th of July 2022 04:59:47 PM |
| 184 |
Railing from the Mahdi's Tomb |
A piece of the painted metal railing that surrounded the Mahdi's tomb in Omdurman; this object would have been taken in the aftermath of the Sudan Campaign where Britain gained control of Sudan. The object has been described a curio, but represents the looting and pillaging of conflict of the British Army at sites of conflict; this was particularly prevalent during the Victorian period. |
Physical Object |
Tuesday 12th of July 2022 04:58:09 PM |
Tuesday 12th of July 2022 05:00:18 PM |